The Power to Launch Nuclear Missiles: Checks and Balances of the President

Picture1How much power should the President have? While the President should to be a strong leader, checks and balances are important because one person having absolute power goes against the nature of democracy. In times of crisis the President’s power is heightened and they are called upon to make critical decisions with worldwide impacts. The Commander and Chief of the military is an important role the President must play in order to secure the safety of the American people but this responsibility is too heavy for one person to handle alone. On November 14th 2017 a Senate panel debated whether the President should have the sole power to launch a nuclear strike. Tensions have been running high between North Korea and the U.S, with the North Korean military developing more and more weapons of mass destruction and Trump stating that Pyongyang would face “fire and fury like the world has never seen” should they attack. The decision to use nuclear weapons in any case will be met controversy. Senator Bob Corker of Tennessee believes that “the decision to use nuclear weapons is the most consequential of all”.  The Democrat Party has planned a bill that would require a President to gain a declaration of war from Congress before they can launch a nuclear strike. While this may seem like a good decision, many Republicans are against the idea and the bill will most likely not be passed. Nuclear weapons policy expert Stephen Swartz states, “It boggles the mind that there is not at least one Constitutional office holder that has to be consulted before a nuclear strike is ordered”. Even though some think Congress should be more involved in the nuclear strike process, retired Air Force General, C. Robert Kehler reveals that there are military investigations on a President who orders a nuclear strike when the U.S is not under first attack. These investigations are crucial to preserving the checks and balances that come with the presidency because Congress is not involved. Kehler then goes on to affirm that “if there is an illegal order presented to the military, the military is obligated to refuse to follow it”. In a national emergency, a military aid is needed to present attack courses of action and vital information. A President should always consider all the options and debate their ideas before they order a nuclear strike. Former acting under secretary for policy at the Pentagon, Brian McKeon does not think it is likely that a President would come to a decision regarding nuclear weapons alone. He remarks that the President “would require lots of people cooperating with him to make the strike happen” and people would be “asking questions that would slow down that process”. Hearing insiders like Kehler and Mckeon talk about the process gives one hope because they reveal how many voices are being heard and coordination is needed. The article presents the question “Should President Trump have the sole power to launch nuclear missiles?”, I personally believe that he should not. Based on the nature of  the decision, I think it should be a group endeavor.             

Image Source: http://www.indiandefensenews.in/2016/03/us-navy-test-fires-trident-missiles.html 

Cons of the Electoral College

Some political scientists and commentators believe the Electoral College to be contradictory to true democracy. According to the research we have done in government class, the Electoral College is a somewhat flawed system because it sometimes fails to accurately represent the majority’s will and can limit the voter turnout. William C. Kimberling, Deputy Director FEC National Clearinghouse on Election Administration states, “the distribution of Electoral votes in the College tends to over-represent people in rural states.” https://uselectionatlas.org/INFORMATION/INFORMATION/electcollege_procon.php He also writes, “since each State is entitled to the same number of electoral votes regardless of its voter turnout, there is no incentive in the States to encourage voter participation.” Since the electoral college plays a pivotal role in the presidential election and uses the winner-takes-all method, “the candidate who receives at least one more vote than their opponent will win the state and all of its electoral votes”, some people believe that their vote will not make a difference. According to Kimberling, there is also the risk of “faithless” electors, electors who agree to vote for a particular candidate but then change their minds and vote for another. There is no policy that requires electors to remain loyal to a certain party. Keeping the nature of the Electoral College in mind, candidates realize that winning the swing states is a key factor in winning the Presidential Election.

Daniel Lazare of Consortium News writes, “The simple fact is that Americans didn’t elect Trump. An ancient relic known as the Electoral College did. For better or worse, a plurality of the people voted for Hillary Clinton”. https://consortiumnews.com/2016/11/13/how-electoral-college-cheats-democracy/  By giving one vote per Senator and Representative a state “sends to Washington” many votes are nullified. Lazare goes on to write, “Since Clinton carried New York State by 59 percent, it means that out of the 4.1 million people who voted for, some 632,000 might just as well have stayed home.” The fact that the popular vote goes against what the Electoral College decided calls our democratic system into question. How much does the popular vote really matter? According to FairVote’s Matt Morris, the election “winner” could possibly “lose popular vote by a landslide.” http://www.fairvote.org/electoral-college-distortions-winner-could-lose-popular-vote-by-a-landslide The article also points out how it only takes a few popular votes to win a state with a low voter turnout.

One solution to eliminating the Electoral College’s influence without a constitutional amendment is to follow Maine’s and Nebraska’s example and allocate most of the electoral votes at the congressional district level. The Candidate who wins the most votes in each congressional district wins that district’s single electoral vote. The remaining two electoral votes go to the candidate who gets the most votes statewide. Now that more citizens are becoming aware of the problems surrounding the Electoral College, change might be possible in the near future.

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Research Matters: 2018 Election Voter Analysis

Image result for 2018 election map

It is imperative that American citizens research political parties and candidates before aligning with them. As we have learned when studying politics, political research gives one a better understanding of what policies benefits them. There could be many political and social reasons why one would favor a particular candidate. Understanding where a candidate falls on the political spectrum can help voters get a broad idea of what policies they support. However it is still important to look at the individual rather than their party as a whole. In a voter analysis for The Guardian a Trump voter writes “I cried when I left the polling location because I don’t like Trump at all. I was deeply saddened to vote for him. His personality, his mannerisms and his inexperience repulse me. I wish there had been another conservative choice.” The reason behind this voter’s decision was their desire for “conservative laws”, specifically the right to bear arms even though the voter stated in another part of the article that they do not personally carry a gun. However, some political commentators like Todd Starnes of Fox News believe that Trump is not a true conservative and some members of the republican party such as Mitt Romney, have publicly denounced Trump. The same Trump voter questioned also writes, “I am trusting in the checks and balances of our country to prevent him and his poor-judgment from damaging the country too much. Hopefully Trump will not affect my daily life.” Even though the voter has faith in the checks and balances of government it is important to realize that the American people are the ones who create those checks and balances. If the voter had done more research maybe they would feel more confident about which of Trump’s policies would affect them directly, rather than just hoping they would not. When taking online political spectrum tests involving political issues, one often ranks how important an issue is to oneself. Some issues obviously mean more to some than to others. The voter explains that they can deal with a “somewhat low four years” but they can not deal with a supreme court that swings “liberal.” At the end of their statement the voter concludes,“I am deeply saddened by these options and I am not proud of our president in the least.” While our government system tries to provide the American voter with many political options, it seems many of the Trump voters in The Guardian article feel caught between a rock and a hard place. Another Trump voter questioned by the article calls Hillary Clinton a “phantom” because “you can’t know what’s real about her” but also calls Trump “a slimy scumbag.” The voter also writes, “I couldn’t decide who to vote for until the day before voting. It was one the hardest decisions I have ever made.” Unlike mathematics, politics is not something with a set formulaic answer. In politics there are different “correct” answers for each different political viewpoint. Even though politics is rarely easy, hopefully the research we are doing will help us make political decisions we will not regret.    

Sources:  https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2016/nov/09/why-did-people-vote-for-donald-trump-us-voters-explain

http://www.foxnews.com/opinion/2016/04/22/starnes-donald-trump-is-not-conservative.html